Influencia de Factores Psicológicos en el Pronóstico de Individuos con Artroplastia de Cadera por Artrosis: una Revisión de la Literatura / Influence of Psychological Factors on the Prognosis of Individuals with Hip Arthroplasty for Osteoarthritis: A Review of the Literature

Introducción. Los factores psicológicos preoperatorios pueden influir en los resultados de la rehabilitación de la artroplastia de cadera por artrosis. No existe consenso de cuáles serían estos factores, ni sobre en qué medidas de resultados influirían. Objetivo. Sintetizar la evidencia respecto a los factores psicológicos que pronostican los resultados de la artroplastía de cadera en términos de función física y dolor en individuos con artrosis de cadera. Métodos. Se efectuó una búsqueda en PUBMED, EMBASE, SCOPUS y CINAHL. Los términos incluyeron artroplastia de cadera, artrosis, factores psicológicos, función física y dolor. Se incorporaron estudios observacionales prospectivos. Los resultados se agruparon por factor psicológico en periodos menor a un año e igual o mayor a un año. Resultados. La búsqueda arrojó 895 artículos, dos cumplieron los criterios de elegibilidad. Los resultados descritos fueron: 1) un mayor nivel de expectativas preoperatorias genera un efecto positivo en la disminución de la intensidad de dolor y 2) tiene un efecto positivo en la función física, ambas a menos de un año, y 3) la depresión preoperatoria genera un efecto negativo en la disminución de intensidad de dolor a un año o más. Conclusiones. La presencia de depresión preoperatoria se asoció a una menor reducción de dolor, y las altas expectativas preoperatorias se asociaron con una mejor función física y una menor intensidad de dolor. Sin embargo, se hace necesaria la generación de nueva evidencia científica que profundice en la asociación factores psicológicos preoperatorios y dolor crónico en esta población.

Background. Preoperative psychological factors may influence the results of hip arthroplasty rehabilitation for osteoarthritis. There is no consensus on what these factors would be, nor on what outcome measures they would influence. Objetive. To review was to synthesize the evidence regarding psychological factors that predict hip arthroplasty outcomes in terms of physical function and pain in individuals with hip osteoarthritis. Methods. A search was carried out in PUBMED, EMBASE, SCOPUS and CINAHL. Terms included hip arthroplasty, osteoarthritis, psychological factors, physical function, and pain. Prospective observational studies were incorporated. The results were grouped by psychological factor in periods of less than one year and equal to or greater than one year. Results. The search yielded 895 articles, two met the eligibility criteria. The results described were: 1) a higher level of preoperative expectations generates a positive effect in the reduction of pain intensity and 2) has a positive effect on physical function, both at less than one year, and 3) preoperative depression generates a negative effect in the reduction of pain intensity at one year or more. Conclusions. The presence of preoperative depression was associated with less pain reduction, and high preoperative expectations were associated with better physical function and less pain intensity. However, it is necessary to generate new scientific evidence that deepens the association of preoperative psychological factors and chronic pain in this population.

Are inflammatory parameters an independent predictor of hip osteoarthritis severity? A prospective cross-sectional study

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the presence of hip osteoarthritis and the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-lymphocyte ratio, and neutrophil-monocyte ratio. METHODS: Participants with hip osteoarthritis and healthy controls aged 45-75 years were recruited in the study. The participants with hip osteoarthritis were divided into two groups: mild/moderate hip osteoarthritis and severe hip osteoarthritis. Complete blood parameters of the participants were recorded, and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil-monocyte ratio, monocyte-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-lymphocyte ratio were calculated. Pain severity was evaluated using a visual analog scale. RESULTS: A total of 76 participants with hip osteoarthritis and 59 healthy controls were included in the study. The mean age of the participants was 57.6±6.11 years. Mean neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil-monocyte ratio values were statistically significantly different between the hip osteoarthritis group and healthy control group (p<0.05). Platelet-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-lymphocyte ratio, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein values were not significantly different between the groups. Also, there was no difference between all inflammatory parameters and hip osteoarthritis severity (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil-monocyte ratio values were higher in patients with hip osteoarthritis than in healthy controls. Mean platelet-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-lymphocyte ratio, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein values did not change according to the presence of hip osteoarthritis. Not all hematological indices give valuable information regarding the severity of hip osteoarthritis.

Artroplastia total de cadera bilateral en un tiempo: una opción quirúrgica para pacientes con coxartrosis severa bilateral / Simultaneous bilateral total hip arthroplasty: a surgical option for patients with several bilateral hip osteoarthritis

Total hip arthroplasty is a successful procedure with high rates of functional satisfaction and pain relief. A large number of patients with bilateral hip pathology will require both hip joint replacement, from there born the inquietude to knowing benefits and disadvantage of bilateral simultaneous hip arthroplasty. We present a female patient case who developed bilateral hip osteoarthritis secondary to development dysplasia of the hip which was surgically managed with bilateral arthroplasty at one time. We show a follow-up report of the case and a review of the literature to know the main advantages of this new current of hip arthroplasty in patients with bilateral hip pathology

Implementación de rehabilitación remota en artrosis bilateral de cadera / Implementation of Remote Rehabilitation in Bilateral Hip Osteoarthritis

Introducción: La pandemia causada por el COVID-19 obligó a cambiar la modalidad en la cual se llevan cabo los procesos de rehabilitación -de presencial a remoto- incluso la de aquellos tratamientos ya planificados. Objetivos: Implementar la telerehabilitación y documentar si el cambio de modalidad basada en el ejercicio terapéutico tiene efectos en los resultados de la intervención. Presentación del caso: Se presenta el caso de una paciente con osteoartritis bilateral de cadera cuya intervención de terapia física tuvo que ser modificada a una modalidad remota, debido a la pandemia por COVID-19. Conclusiones: La modalidad remota adoptada no afectó la recuperación funcional establecida en las primeras etapas. Se recomienda utilizar evaluaciones funcionales, así como considerar las condiciones en el hogar requeridas para la continuidad de las intervenciones(AU)

Introduction: The pandemic caused by COVID-19 forced to change the modality in the rehabilitation processes -from face-to-face to remote- including that of those already planned treatments. Objectives: To implement remote rehabilitation and to set down whether the change of modality based on therapeutic exercise impacts on the results of the intervention. Case report: The case of a patient with bilateral hip osteoarthritis is reported here. Her physical therapy intervention had to be modified to a remote modality, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: The remote modality adopted did not affect the functional recovery established in the early stages. It is recommended to use functional evaluations, as well as to consider the required conditions at home to continue the interventions(AU)

Tendencia temporal y evaluación demográfica de hospitalizaciones por osteoartritis / Temporal trends and demographic evaluation of hospitalizations due to osteoarthritis

OBJETIVO: Describir la tendencia temporal de osteoartritis (OA) según egresos hospitalarios considerando ubicación anatómica, distribución por sexo, edad, condiciones más frecuentes, y ubicación geográfica en Chile entre los años 2012 y 2018. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, poblacional, que analizó las bases de datos públicas del Departamento de Estadísticas e Información en Salud (DEIS) del Ministerio de Salud de Chile, en particular los registros con codificación de M15 a M19. Se calcularon las tasas por 100 mil egresos hospitalarios, así como también el porcentaje de OA según las categorías analizadas. RESULTADOS: Se encontraron 11.622.605 egresos hospitalarios entre 2012 y 2018. El número total de egresos hospitalarios por OA fue de 78.700. Se observó que la distribución por sexo fue similar a lo largo de los años ( 40% y 60% en hombres y mujeres, respectivamente). El rango de edad más afectado fue el de 65 a 79 años, cuya tasa promedio fue de 2.046 por 100 mil egresos; además, fue el grupo que presentó el mayor aumento (60%) en su tasa de 2012 a 2018. La Región Metropolitana (291,7 egresos) y de Valparaíso (89,6 egresos) presentaron las tasas más altas. La cadera (56,6%) y la rodilla (31%) fueron las ubicaciones más frecuentes de casos de OA, con distribución similar por sexo, edad y geografía en comparación a los egresos totales por OA. CONCLUSIONES: Los egresos hospitalarios por OA en Chile aumentaron entre 2012 y 2018, preferencialmente en casos de OA en las articulaciones de cadera y rodilla en el grupo de mujeres de edad avanzada de la zona centro del país. NIVEL DE EVIDENCIA: Estudio descriptivo.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the temporal trends of osteoathritis (OA) according to hospital discharges considering anatomical location, distribution by gender, age, more frequent conditions, and geographic location in Chile between 2012 and 2018. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective, descriptive and population study which analyzed the public databases of the Department of Health Statistics and Information (Departamento de Estadísticas e Información en Salud, DEIS, in Spanish) of the Ministry of Health of Chile, in particular the records with codes M15 through M19. Rates per 100 thousand hospital discharges were calculated, as well as the percentage of OA according to the categories analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 11,622,605 hospital discharges were found between 2012 and 2018. The total number of hospital discharges due to OA was of 78,700. The distribution by gender was similar over the years ( 40% and 60% among men and women respectively). Adults aged between 65 and 79 years were the most affected, and their average rate was of 2,046 per 100 thousand discharges. It was also the group that presented the highest increase (60%) in rate from 2012 to 2018. The Metropolitan Region (291.7 discharges) and Valparaíso (89.6 discharges) presented the highest rates in Chile. The hip (56.6%) and knee (31%) were the most frequent locations of OA, which presented similar distribution by gender, age and geography when compared with the total discharges due to OA. CONCLUSIONS: Hospital discharges due to OA in Chile increased between 2012 and 2018, preferentially in cases of hip and knee-joint OA in the group of elderly women in the central area of the country. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Descriptive study.

Tratamiento conservador de la artrosis de cadera / Conservative treatment of hip osteoarthritis

Ante un escenario clínico de coxalgia por artrosis de cadera se planteó la necesidad de conocer los tratamientos con-servadores más seguros y efectivos para el manejo del dolor. El tratamiento de la artrosis requiere un enfoque integral e individualizado en función de las preferencias del paciente para lograr el máximo beneficio clínico. Existen numerosas estrategias útiles para el manejo del dolor en pacientes con artrosis de cadera siendo fuertemente recomendados de inicio la actividad física, los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos (AINE) orales y en ciertos casos los corticoides intraarticulares, tramadol o duloxetina, siempre asociado con la actividad física. Los ejercicios más recomendados son los aeróbicos y el Tai Chi o yoga. (AU)

Faced with a clinical scenario of coxalgia due to hip osteoarthritis, the need to know the safest and most effective conservative treatments for pain management arose. The treatment of osteoarthritis requires a comprehensive and individualised approach based on the patient's preferences to achieve maximum clinical benefit. There are numerous useful strategies for pain management in patients with hip osteoarthritis being strongly recommended from the beginning such as physical activity, oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) and in certain cases intra-articular corticosteroids, tramadol or duloxetine, always associated with physical activity. The most recommended exercises are aerobics and Tai Chi or yoga. (AU)

Ilizarov Technique with Proximal Femoral and Triple Pelvic Osteotomy for the Treatment of Adolescent Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip / Técnica de Ilizarov nas osteotomias do fêmur proximal e pélvica tripla para o tratamento da displasia do desenvolvimento do quadril em adolescentes

Abstract Objective The significance of pelvic osteotomies in developed coxarthrosis is still disputable. Some authors believe that incongruence and early osteoarthritis of the articular surfaces are contraindications for joint-preserving surgery and will stimulate further progression. The opposite view is that triple pelvic osteotomy can be an alternative to early joint replacement. The present study reports the mid to long term results of adolescent patients with developed coxarthrosis treated by proximal femoral and triple pelvic osteotomies and fixed by the Ilizarov technique. Methods A retrospective review between 2002 and 2014 of the treatment of 26 patients with coxarthrosis due to developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). The sample was composed of 22 female and 4 male subjects with a mean age at operation of 14.7 years (range: 12-18 years) and mean follow-up of 5.9 years (range: 3-13 years). Results The initial functional results according to the Merle d'Aubigné and Postel criteria were: pain - 4.3 ± 0.05 points; range of motion - 3.6 ± 0.3 points; and gait - 4 ± 0.15 points. The average index of the weight bearing zone (WBZ) was of 38.7º ± 2.721º. The acetabular coefficient (AC) was of 162 ± 6.8, the center-edge angle (CEA) of Wiberg was of 3º ± 0.2º. The outcomes were followed up from 3 to 13 years. At the final follow-up, the radiographic outcomes showed that the value of the WBZ decreased to 8.2º ± 1.293º (0-15º), and that the AC increased to 249 ± 12.05. The average neck-shaft angle (NSA) was of 115º ± 4º, the articulo-trochanteric distance (ATD) was of 8,5 ± 1,5 mm, and the CEA of Wiberg was of 28º ± 1.6º) at the final follow-up. The distribution of the joints according to Tönnis et al was: grade I - 17 joints; grade II - 8 joints; and grade III - 1 joint. The outcomes were good for 14 patients (54%), fair for 10 patients (34.5%), and poor for 2 (11.5%) patients. Conclusion The treatment of adolescent hip dysplasia requires a proper assessment of the degree of dysplasia and the surgery needed to redirect pelvic components to achieve suitable conditions for hip remodeling, and our mid- to long-term results showed very good outcomes when applying these principles using the Ilizarov technique.

Resumo Objetivo A importância das osteotomias pélvicas na coxartrose desenvolvida ainda é discutível. Alguns autores acreditam que a incongruência e a osteoartrite inicial das superfícies articulares são contraindicação para a cirurgia de preservação articular e estimularão maior progressão. A visão oposta é a de que a osteotomia pélvica tripla pode ser uma alternativa à substituição articular precoce. Este estudo relata resultados de médio a longo prazo de pacientes adolescentes com coxartrose desenvolvida, tratados por osteotomias proximais do fêmur e pélvica tripla, fixados pela técnica de Ilizarov. Métodos Revisão retrospectiva entre 2002 e 2014 do tratamento de 26 pacientes com coxartrose devido a displasia do desenvolvimento do quadril. A amostra continha 22 mulheres e 4 homens. A idade média na operação foi de 14,7 anos (variação: 12-18 anos), e o acompanhamento médio foi de 5,9 anos (variação: 3-13). Resultados Os resultados funcionais iniciais de acordo com o método de Merle d'Aubigné e Postel foram: dor - 4,3 ± 0,05 pontos; mobilidade - 3,6 ± 0,3 pontos; e marcha - 4 ± 0,15 pontos. O valor médio do índice da zona de carga (ZC) foi 38,7º ± 2.721º. O coeficiente acetabular (CA) foi de 162 ± 6,8, e o ângulo centro-borda (ACB) de Wiberg foi de 3º ± 0,2º. Os resultados foram acompanhados por 3 a 13 anos. No acompanhamento final, os resultados radiográficos mostraram que o valor do índice da ZC diminuiu para 8.2 ± 1.293º (0º-15º), e o CA aumentou para 249 ± 12,05. A média do ângulo cervicodiafisário (ACD) foi 115º ± 4º, a distância articulotrocantérica (DAT) foi de 8,5 ± 1,5 mm, e o ACB de Wiberg foi 28º ± 1,6º no acompanhamento final. A distribuição das articulações segundo Tönnis et al foi: grau I - 17 articulações; grau II - 8 articulações; e grau III - 1 articulação. O resultado foi bom em 14 pacientes (54%), razoável em 10 pacientes (34,5%), e ruim em 2 (11.5%). Conclusão O tratamento da displasia do quadril na adolescência requer uma avaliação adequada do grau de displasia e a cirurgia necessária para reorientar os componentes pélvicos com o objetivo de alcançar condições adequadas para a remodelação do quadril. Nossos resultados de médio a longo prazo mostraram desfechos muito bons ao aplicarmos esses princípios usando a técnica de Ilizarov.

Short-term outcomes of total hip arthroplasty in the treatment of Tönnis grade 3 hip osteoarthritis in patients with spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#Severe hip osteoarthritis, caused by bone or joint maldevelopment, biomechanical transformation and previous surgical intervention, is inclusively existed in spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia (SED). To investigate and discuss the short-term efficacy and possible effects of total hip arthroplasty in the treatment of Tönnis grade 3 hip osteoarthritis in patients with SED.@*METHODS@#From January 2017 to June 2019, 374 patients with hip osteoarthritis were involved for total hip arthroplasty conducted by senior professional surgeons, of whom 9 patients (6 males and 3 females) with 12 hip osteoarthritis secondary to the SED met the inclusive and exclusive criteria and received the above-mentioned hip operation. The short-term outcomes were observed.@*RESULTS@#All the patients were implanted with Johnson & Johnson ceramic on ceramic cementless hip prostheses within the arthroplasty. They were followed up for an average period of 20 months. Except for one muscular calf vein thrombosis case, no complications, such as aseptic loosening, joint dislocation, fracture, neurovascular injury, deep vein thrombosis and infection were observed in all the 9 patients. Before the surgery, the average Harris hip score was 35.55, while the average of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) was 56.56. The level of quality of life indicated by SF-12 score was 41.56 on average. The mean pre-operation visual analogue scale (VAS) was 7.44. At the last follow-up, the average Harris hip score increased to 89.56, whereas the average WOMAC declined to 41.11. Compared with the baseline point, the average SF-12 score went up to 56.33. Dramatic drop of the mean VAS value to 2.67 was also observed at the last follow-up. In addition, post-operative increase of several pelvic-related parameters including pelvic incidence, pelvic tilt and sacral slope could be observed in the SED patients. The average measured pelvic incidence, pelvic tilt and sacral slope were 68.95°±4.60°, 52.75°±1.06° and 17.45°±1.77° before operation, respectively; whilst the mean value of these specific parameters increased to 76.98°±5.12°, 60.51°±4.35° and 18.10°±2.02°, respectively. The even leg lengths of the lower extremities were obtained after total hip arthroplasty.@*CONCLUSION@#Total hip arthroplasty is satisfactory in the short-term pain relieve and function recovery for the management of Tönnis grade 3 hip osteoarthritis secondary to the SED.

Clinical Analysis of "Different Diseases Saring Same Syndrome" Concept in End Stage of Different Hip Diseases / 中国实验方剂学杂志

The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) concept that "different diseases may share the same TCM syndrome" is a unique theory explaining the relationship between diseases and TCM syndromes, which originally means that different diseases sharing the same TCM pathogenesis may develop the same syndrome. It accords with the theory of treatment based on syndrome differentiation. In clinical practices, this concept explains why the same herbal formula can be used to treat different diseases. With the development of a novel strategy to integrate the disease diagnosis and TCM syndrome differentiation, the meaning of "different diseases may share the same TCM syndrome" has also changed. It means that different diseases share the same TCM pathogenesis during their progression may show the same syndrome. Osteonecrosis of the femoral head （ONFH）, hip osteoarthritis (HOA), and hip rheumatoid arthritis (HRA) are three different diseases that occur in the bones, cartilage, and synovium of the hip joint, respectively. However, they share similar clinical symptoms and TCM symptoms if they had progressed to the end-stage. In the end-stage of the disease, hip pain, restricted activity, signs of waist and knee pain, and weakened walking function, whether it is symptoms or signs or TCM syndromes, all show their similarities, reflecting the concept of different diseases may share the same TCM syndrome. This article discusses the similarity of the three diseases from the aspects of syndrome characteristics, radiographic findings, syndrome differentiation, etiology and pathogenesis, as well as clinical treatments. We found that, in addition to similar clinical signs and symptoms, the three hip osteoarthropathies in the end-stage see articular cartilage degeneration, joint space stenosis, joint effusion, synovial thickening, bone hyperplasia, and subchondral bone cystic degeneration, etc. similar X-ray performance， kidney sperm, bone marrow, only kidney sufficiency, muscles and bones can be filled with bone marrow, liver blood, main muscles, liver and blood are sufficient to support the muscles and bones, and the disease is in the advanced stage， ONFH， HOA and HRA are closely related to liver and kidney dysfunction. Insufficient liver and kidney, meridian muscle, and bone malnutrition are three common pathological mechanisms of late hip bone disease. Deficiency, waist and knee weakness, and weakness in walking have also become common symptoms. It not only provides a theoretical basis for the "same syndrome",but also helps the differential diagnosis of "different diseases", improves the fracture level of hip diseases, and enriches the connotation of "different diseases sharing the same syndrome" in Chinese medicine.

Recomendaciones analgésicas en cirugía de reemplazo de cadera / Analgesic recommendations in hip replacement surgery

Resumen: La osteoartritis de cadera es la segunda causa de discapacidad funcional del aparato locomotor. Se presenta en adultos mayores de 35 años en 3 a 11%. Caracterizada por dolor al deambular, al subir o bajar escaleras, mejora con el reposo, pero evoluciona hasta limitada movilidad articular, crujido, rigidez e inestabilidad, restringiendo la funcionalidad y calidad de vida del individuo. La artroplastía total de cadera es la intervención indicada cuando la sintomatología es severa, persistente y han fallado otras terapéuticas. Tiene el objetivo de mejorar la calidad de vida, reducir el dolor y mejorar la función del paciente. Sin embargo, es un procedimiento que presenta dolor moderado a severo en el postoperatorio inmediato y una prevalencia de dolor crónico de 10 a 35%. La analgesia multimodal tiene que ser considerada para disminuir los efectos secundarios de los medicamentos y disminuir el uso de opioides (visita http://www.painoutmexico.com para obtener la versión completa del artículo y el diagrama de recomendaciones).

Abstract: Hip osteoarthritis is the second cause of functional impairment of the locomotor system. Its prevalence in adults over 35 years old in 3 to 11%. Characterized by a pain to walking, going up or down stairs, it improves with rest, that reaches a limited joint mobility, crunching, rigidity and instability restricting the functionality and quality of life. Total hip arthroplasty is the intervention indicated when the symtomatology is severe and persistent that have failed other therapeutics. It aims to improve the quality of life, reduce pain and improve the function of the patient. However, it is a procedure that is accompanied by moderate to severe pain in the immediate postoperative period and a chronic pain prevalence of 10 to 35%. Multimodal analgesia has to be considered to reduce the side effects of medications and reduce the use of opioids (visit http://www.painoutmexico.com to see the full article and recommendations diagram).

Evaluation of Clinical and Radiographic Results of Cemented Total Hip Arthroplasty in 477 Patients / Avaliação dos resultados clínicos e radiográficos da artroplastia total cimentada do quadril em 477 pacientes

Abstract Objective The purpose of the present study was to evaluate retrospectively the clinical and radiographic results of total hip arthroplasty (THA) performed with the Exeter technique and using the Exeter prosthesis. Methods Between March 2000 and December 2006, 504 THAs were performed in 477 patients, with several etiological diagnoses. A total of 260 surgeries were performed on the right side, 244 on the left side, and 27 were performed bilaterally. The mean age of the patients was 58.9 (17.7-86.8) years old, with a median of 69.0 years old. The preoperative planning was performed with appropriate templates. All of the surgeries were performed through the posterolateral approach with the patient placed on lateral decubitus. The clinical evaluation was performed according to the Harris hip score (HHS). In the radiographic evaluation, the bone cement interface in the three zones of DeLee and Charnley on the acetabular side and in the seven zones of Gruen on the femoral side were studied. Subsidence of the femoral component, presence of diaphyseal hyperthrophy, and heterotopic ossification were also observed. Results The mean follow-up of 441 surgeries (87.5%) was of 7.2 (1.0-16.6) years, with a median of 7.1 years. The incidence of complications was: dislocation, 3.2%; infection, 2.2%; peripheral nerve disorders 2.0%; thromboembolism 2.7%, acetabular cup loosing 2.0%; diaphyseal hypertrophy, 1.26%; distal migration of the femoral component between 2,0 mm and 2.9 mm, 0.5%; 1 case of aseptic loosing of the femoral component and 9 (1.8%) of the acetabular component. The mean HHS was mean 92.3 (50-100) points. Conclusion Cemented THA, with themethodology applied, proved to be an effective treatment for this group of patients. The results were satisfactory with acceptable complication rates.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar os resultados da artroplastia total do quadril (ATQ) cimentada, coma utilização da técnica e prótese da escola Exeter. Metódo Entre março de 2000 e dezembro de 2006, foram realizadas 504 ATQs em 477 pacientes, com diversos diagnósticos etiológicos, 260 à direita e 244 à esquerda, 27 bilaterais,. A idade média foi de 58,9 (17,7-86,8) anos, com mediana de 69,0 anos. O planejamento radiográfico foi feito utilizando-se gabaritos apropriados. O acesso cirúrgico foi o posterolateral com o paciente em decúbito lateral. Para a avaliação clínica, foi utilizado o escore do quadril de Harris (EQH). Na avaliação radiográfica, foi estudada a interface osso-cimento acetabular, nas três zonas de DeLee e Charnley e nas sete zonas de Gruen do lado femoral, a presença de migração distal do componente femoral, hipertrofia diafisária, e ossificação heterotópica. Resultados O seguimento médio de 441 cirurgias (87,5%) foi de 7,2 (1,0-16,6) anos, com mediana de 7,1 anos. A incidência de complicações foi: luxação, 3,2%; infecção ,2,2%; tromboembolismo, 2,1%; disfunção de nervos periféricos 1,1%; hipertrofia diafisária, 1,5%; soltura do componente acetabular, 1,8%; migração distal do componente femoral entre 2,0mm e 2,9 mm, 0,45%; 1 caso de soltura asséptica do componente femoral; e 1 caso de fratura da haste femoral. A pontuação média com o EQH foi de 92 pontos. Conclusão A ATQ cimentada, com a metodologia utilizada, constituiu-se em uma opção eficaz para o tratamento deste grupo de pacientes, comresultados satisfatórios, com este tempo de seguimento.

Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS): A Cross-Cultural Validation of the Brazilian Portuguese Version Study / Hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score (HOOS): um estudo de validação intercultural da versão na língua portuguesa

Abstract Objective Translated and validated outcome instruments are of great importance, since they can be used for researchers studying different populations with the same problem. The objective of the present study was to translate, culturally adapt and validate the Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS) into Brazilian Portuguese. Methods The HOOS was translated from English into Brazilian Portuguese, translated back into English, and submitted to an experts committee. It was administered to 100 patients with hip osteoarthritis. The psychometric evaluation included factor analysis; internal reliability measures, test-retest reliability at 7 days, and construct validity comparison with the Brazilian version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale (GCPS). Results Factor analyses demonstrated a five-factor solution. The test-retest reliability showed a high degree of internal consistency for the five subscales (pain and physical difficulties, 0.97 at baseline and 0.93 at 7 days; pain and difficulty sitting, lying down and getting up, 0.93 at baseline and 0.89 at 7 days; difficulty flexing the knee, 0.92 at baseline and 0.83 at 7 days; difficulty walking, 0.88 at baseline and 0.87 at 7 days; quality of life, 0.80 at baseline and 0.35 at 7 days). The construct validity was established during the comparison of the Brazilian version of the GCPS. Conclusions A Brazilian version of the HOOS was developed with adequate reliability and validity. It will facilitate evaluation of the hip within a large patient population and across cultures.

Resumo Objetivo Escalas traduzidas e validadas são de grande importância, pois podem ser utilizadas por pesquisadores que estudam diferentes populações como mesmo problema. O objetivo do presente estudo foi traduzir, adaptar culturalmente e validar a escala Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS) para a língua portuguesa. Métodos O HOOS foi traduzido do inglês para a língua portuguesa, traduzido de volta para o inglês e submetido a um comitê de especialistas. Foi administrado a 100 pacientes com osteoartrite de quadril. A avaliação psicométrica incluiu a análise fatorial; medidas de confiabilidade interna, confiabilidade de teste-reteste em 7 dias e a comparação de validade de conteúdo com a versão brasileira da Escala de Dor Crônica Graduada (GCPS, na sigla em inglês). Resultados A análise fatorial demonstrou uma solução de cinco fatores. A confiabilidade de teste-reteste mostrou um alto grau de consistência interna para as 5 subescalas (dor e dificuldades físicas, 0,97 no 1° dia e 0,93 aos 7 dias; dor e dificuldade em sentar, deitar e levantar, 0,93 no 1° dia e 0,89 aos 7 dias; dificuldade em flexionar o joelho, 0,92 no 1° dia e 0,83 aos 7 dias; dificuldade de caminhada, 0,88 no 1° dia e 0,87 aos 7 dias; qualidade de vida, 0,80 no 1° dia e 0,35 aos 7 dias). A validade de conteúdo foi estabelecida durante a comparação da versão brasileira da GCPS. Conclusões Uma versão brasileira do HOOS foi desenvolvida com confiabilidade e validade adequadas. Isso facilitará a avaliação clínica do quadril em uma grande população de pacientes e entre diferentes culturas.

The Effect of Simultaneous Antigravity Treadmill Training and Electrical Muscle Stimulation After Total Hip Arthroplasty: Short Follow-Up Time

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of our devised hybrid physiotherapy regime using an anti-gravity treadmill and a low-frequency electrical stimulation device, as measured in patients with hip osteoarthritis after total hip arthroplasty (THA). METHODS: The outcomes of the postoperative rehabilitation in 44 patients who underwent THA for hip osteoarthritis were retrospectively examined. The conventional group (n=22) underwent the postoperative rehabilitation according to our protocol, while the hybrid group (n=22) underwent the same training, along with training on an anti-gravity treadmill and training using a low-frequency therapeutic device. The outcome measures were recorded and reviewed with the Numerical Rating Scale for pain, which rates pain on an 11-point scale from 0 to 10, surgical side knee joint extension force, 10-m walking test, Timed Up and Go test, and the 6-minute walking distance (6MD). The outcome measurement was taken 2 weeks after conducting pre-operation and antigravity treadmill training and electrical muscle stimulation, and compared the respective results. RESULTS: At the timeframe of 2 weeks from the surgery after conducting a devised hybrid physiotherapy, the values of knee extension muscle strength and 6MD were not worse in the hybrid group than conventional group. In the evaluation at 2 weeks after surgery, the knee extension muscle strength and 6MD values significantly decreased compared with the preoperative values only in the conventional group. CONCLUSION: Lower limb muscular strength and endurance were maintained in the hybrid group, which suggested that hybrid physiotherapy could maintain physical functions early after THA operation.

Comparação clínica, laboratorial e densitométrica de pacientes com coxartrose e com fraturas do colo femoral / Clinical, laboratory and densitometric comparison of patients with coxarthrosis and femoral neck fractures

RESUMO Objetivo: comparar dados clínicos, laboratoriais e densitométricos de pacientes com osteoartrose e com fratura do colo femoral. Métodos: estudo transversal de pacientes com fratura do colo femoral e osteoartrose do quadril, submetidos à artroplastia de quadril. Dados clínicos, laboratoriais e densitométricos foram coletados. Resultados: cinquenta e três pacientes foram incluídos, 22 com fraturas do colo femoral e 31 com osteoartrose. Pacientes com fratura do colo do fêmur apresentaram maior idade do que os pacientes com osteoartrose, tendo valores de IMC, densidade mineral óssea e força de preensão palmar (pacientes sarcopênicos) inferiores, estando mais incapacitados neurologicamente e apresentando um pior escore ASA. Entre os vários parâmetros bioquímicos analisados, diferenças estatisticamente significantes foram encontrados no cálcio sérico total, cálcio ionizado, vitamina D, tiroxina livre, eritrócitos, hemoglobina, hematócrito, glóbulos brancos totais, neutrófilos, linfócitos e creatinina entre os dois grupos. Outros hormônios analisados e parâmetros bioquímicos não diferiram significativamente, apesar de mostrarem tendências entre os dois grupos. Conclusão: pacientes com fraturas do colo do fêmur são mais idosos do que pacientes com osteoartrose, apresentam um menor peso e IMC, são mais debilitados, muitos com anemia e massa óssea reduzida, além de terem uma diminuição significativa no cálcio total, cálcio ionizado, vitamina D e creatinina e um aumento significativo na tiroxina livre.

ABSTRACT Objective: to compare clinical, laboratory and densitometric data from patients with osteoarthrosis and femoral neck fractures. Methods: we conducted a cross-sectional study of patients with femoral neck fracture and hip osteoarthrosis submitted to hip arthroplasty. We collected clinical, laboratory and densitometric data. Results: we included 53 patients, 22 with femoral neck fractures and 31 with osteoarthrosis. Patients with femoral neck fractures were older than patients with osteoarthrosis, with lower BMI values, bone mineral density and palmar grip strength (sarcopenic patients), being more neurologically impaired and presenting a worse ASA score. Among the various biochemical parameters analyzed, we found statistically significant differences in total serum calcium, ionized calcium, vitamin D, free thyroxine, erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, total white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes and creatinine between the two groups. Other hormones analyzed and biochemical parameters did not differ significantly, although they showed trends between the two groups. Conclusion: patients with femoral neck fractures are older than patients with osteoarthrosis, have a lower weight and BMI, are more debilitated, many with anemia and reduced bone mass, and have a significant decrease in total calcium, ionized calcium, vitamin D and creatinine and a significant increase in free thyroxine.

Effect of THA on knee function and quality of life in RA patients / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of total hip arthroplasty ( THA) in the treatment of hip osteoarthritis ( HOA) and its effect on the quality of life of the patients. Methods Thirty?seven patients ( 42 hips) who underwent THA surgery in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from November 2011 to December 2015 were enrolled in this study. The function of hip joint, hip joint activity and the quality of life of the patients and other indicators were observed before operation,at 3 months,6 months after operation. Results The Harris scores of 37 patients before operation, at 3 months, 6 months after operation were (72.0±7.4) points,(86.1±8.3) points,(45.8±9.5)points respectively,the difference was statistically significant among the three groups ( F=71. 302,P<0. 05) . At 3 months and 6 months after operation,the score significantly improved compared to that before operation ( P<0. 05);At 3 months and 6 months after operation,the angles of the hips in 37 patients were significantly improved ( F=144. 921,41. 195, 351. 648,372. 766, 317. 518, 226. 381, P<0. 05 ) . The hip function was evaluated at 6 months after the operation,and 37 patients (42 hips) were evaluated,26 hips (61. 90％) were excellent. 12 hips (28. 57％) were good,4 hips ( 9. 52％) were fine,and 0 poor hips. At 6 months after operation,the SF?36 scale evaluation of quality of life, body pain, emotional restrictions, mental health, physical limitations, activities, social activities, vitality,general health, physical health, mental health scores were significantly improved compared with the preoperative ones ( F=19. 731, 19. 142, 11. 303, 22. 63821. 563, 20. 936, 13. 372, 14. 985, 6. 773, 13. 028, P<0. 05) . Conclusion THA treatment for patients with HOA can significantly improve the function of the hip joint and improve the quality of life of the patients.

Spinopelvic Alignment and Low Back Pain after Total Hip Replacement Arthroplasty in Patients with Severe Hip Osteoarthritis

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective observational study. PURPOSE: We examined change in lumbrosacral spine alignment and low back pain (LBP) following total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with severe hip osteoarthritis (OA). OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: Severe hip osteoarthritis has been reported to cause spine alignment abnormalities and low back pain, and it has been reported that low back pain is improved following THA. METHODS: Our target population included 30 patients (29 female, mean age 63.5 years) with hip OA who underwent direct anterior approach THA. There were 12 cases with bilateral hip disease and 18 cases with unilateral osteoarthritis. Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for LBP and coxalgia, the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RDQ), and the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire (JOABPEQ) were assessed before and after surgery. Spinal alignment metrics were measured before and after surgery. RESULTS: VAS for LBP change from preoperative to final postoperative observation was significantly improved (p < 0.05), as was VAS for hip pain (p < 0.001). RDQ improved significantly (p < 0.01). All five domains of JOABPEQ were significantly improved (p < 0.05). In terms of coronal alignment, lumbar scoliosis change from preoperative to last observation was significantly reduced (p < 0.05). There were no significant changes in the sagittal alignment metrics. In addition, there was a correlation between before and after RDQ difference and before and after lumbar scoliosis difference (p < 0.05). VAS for LBP (p < 0.05) as well as RDQ (p < 0.05) were significantly improved only in unilateral OA. Lumbar scoliosis was significantly improved in cases of unilateral OA (p < 0.05), but alignment did not improve in cases of bilateral OA (p=0.29). CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrates improvements in VAS for LBP, RDQ, and all domains of JOABPEQ. There were also significant reductions in lumbar scoliosis and an observed correlation of RDQ improvement with lumbar scoliosis improvement. We were able to observe improvements in lumbar scoliosis and low back pain only in cases of unilateral OA. It has been suggested that the mechanism of low back pain improvement following THA is related to compensatory lumbar scoliosis improvement.

Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome / 대한정형외과학회잡지

Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) results from abnormal anatomic relationship between acetabulum and femoral head-neck junction, which causes secondary chondrolabral injury. FAI is the common cause of hip joint pain in young adults who have nearly normal hip joint structure. The pain usually progresses on hip flexion and internal rotation. Although it is still controversial whether FAI is one of the reason of secondary hip osteoarthritis or the contrary, instruments and surgical technique for treating FAI is continuing to improve. When we initially diagnosed with FAI, conservative treatment is recommended. But if the conservative treatment has no response, we can consider surgical intervention. The arthroscopic technique is one of the promising options, and it is the fastest growing fields for the treatment FAI.

Total hip arthroplasty using a posterior minimally invasive approach - results after six years / Artroplastia total do quadril feita por via posterior minimamente invasiva - Resultados após seis anos

To evaluate the medium-term clinical-functional results (minimum follow-up of six years) from total uncemented hip arthroplasty performed by means of a posterior minimally invasive access, in comparison with the traditional right lateral access. METHODS: In a comparative prospective study, 224 adult patients underwent elective total hip arthroplasty due to a diagnosis of primary or secondary osteoarthrosis. A group of 103 patients with posterior minimally invasive access was compared with a group of 121 patients with the traditional right lateral access. The mean length of follow-up among the patients of this sample was 7.2 years. We evaluated the clinical-functional and radiographic results and occurrences of loosening, along with any complications that occurred, with a minimum follow-up of six years. RESULTS: The clinical-functional analyses before the surgical procedure and six years afterwards were similar in the two groups (p = 0.88 and p = 0.55). One patient in the minimally invasive group underwent revision of the acetabular component and two patients in the control group underwent the same procedure (p = 0.46). The Trendelenburg clinical test, which showed weakness of the hip abductor musculature, was present in five patients operated using the traditional lateral route and absent in all those who underwent the minimally invasive procedure (p = 0.06). There was no difference regarding the radiographic parameters obtained, either in acetabular or in femoral positioning (p = 0.32 and p = 0.58). CONCLUSIONS: The medium-term clinical and radiographic results and the complication rates were similar between the patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty by means of the posterior minimally invasive access and those with the traditional lateral access...

Avaliar o resultado clínico-funcional em médio prazo (seguimento mínimo de seis anos) da artroplastia total do quadril não cimentada feita por acesso minimamente invasivo (MIS) posterior comparado ao acesso lateral direto (LD) tradicional. MÉTODOS: Em um estudo comparativo prospectivo, 224 pacientes adultos foram submetidos à artroplastia total do quadril em caráter eletivo, por diagnóstico de osteoartrose primária ou secundária, e se comparou o grupo MIS posterior (103 pacientes) com o grupo acesso LD tradicional (121). A média de tempo de seguimento dos pacientes da amostra foi 7,2 anos. Avaliamos os resultados clínico-funcionais e radiográficos e a ocorrência de solturas, assim como complicações ocorridas com um seguimento mínimo de seis anos. RESULTADOS: A análise clínico-funcional antes e seis anos após o procedimento cirúrgico foi semelhante nos dois grupos (p = 0,88 e p = 0,55). Um paciente do grupo MIS foi submetido à revisão do componente acetabular e dois do grupo controle foram submetidos ao mesmo procedimento, p = 0,46. O teste clínico de Trendelenburg, que evidenciou uma fraqueza da musculatura abdutora do quadril, estava presente em cinco pacientes operados pela via lateral tradicional e ausente em todos os submetidos ao MIS (p = 0,06). Não houve diferença quanto aos parâmetros radiográficos obtidos tanto do posicionamento acetabular quanto do femoral (p = 0,32, p = 0,58). CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados em médio prazo, clínicos e radiográficos, e a taxa de complicações foram semelhantes entre os pacientes submetidos à artroplastia total do quadril pelo acesso posterior minimamente invasivo e pela via lateral tradicional...

Clinical analysis of intra-articular injections of sodium hyaluronate combined with diprospan in the treatment of hip osteoarthritis / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To analyze effect of intra-articular injections of sodium hyaluronate combined with diprospan in the treatment of hip osteoarthritis.Methods 90 patients with hip arthritis patients from January 2014 to July 2015 were randomly divided into observation group and control group.45 cases in each group.Control group was given Diprospan treatment, observation group was treated with articular injection of sodium hyaluronate combined with diprospan treatment.After 4 weeks of treatment,patients were followed up and recorded hip pain VAS score and WOMAC score, lipids and C-reactive protein levels, content changes in ESR and TNF-α.Results The patients after hip pain VAS score and WOMAC scores were better than control group(P<0.05).After observation group patients lipids and C-reactive protein were lower than control group(P<0.05).After treatment ESR and TNF-αof observation group were lower than control group’s(P<0.05).Conclusion Intra-articular injections of sodium hyaluronate combined with diprospan in treatment of hip arthritis has definite clinical effect.

Efficacy of Intra-articular Steroid Injection in Patients with Femoroacetabular Impingement

Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI) arises from morphological abnormalities between the proximal femur and acetabulum. Impingement caused by these morphologic abnormalities induces early degenerative changes in the hip joint. Furthermore, FAI patients complain of severe pain and limited range of motion in the hip, but a guideline for treatment of FAI has not yet been established. Medication, supportive physical treatment and surgical procedures have been used in the treatment of the FAI patients; however, the efficacies of these treatments have been limited. Here, we report the diagnosis and treatment for 3 cases of FAI patients. Intra-articular (IA) steroid injection of the hip joint was performed in all three patients. After IA injection, pain was reduced and function had improved for up to three months.